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The Role of Self Compassion, Distress Tolerance, and Glycated Hemoglobin in Treatment Adherence in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Gender Based Comparative Study
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L Yekefallah    , MH Mafi , M Eftekhari , M Hasani |
| Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, I.R. Iran , Mahsimahasani8@gmail.com |
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Abstract: (17 Views) |
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes in older adults is associated with numerous complications, and adherence to treatment plays a crucial role in its management. This study aimed to determine the predictive roles of self-compassion, distress tolerance, and glycated hemoglobin levels in treatment adherence among older adults with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive–analytical study, 303 elderly adults with type 2 diabetes were selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a demographic checklist and the Neff Self‑Compassion Scale, the Simmons Distress Tolerance Scale, and the Modanloo Treatment Adherence Questionnaire. HbA1C values were extracted from the most recent records in the medical files. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression. Results: Mean scores for treatment adherence, self‑compassion, distress tolerance, and glycated hemoglobin were 119.25±54.86, 81.12±31.42, 45.27±20.14, and 7.74±1.17%, respectively. Self‑compassion showed a significant positive correlation with all dimensions of treatment adherence (p<0.001), with the strongest correlation observed in the adaptation dimension (r=0.69). Distress tolerance also significantly correlated with all adherence dimensions (p<0.001), with the strongest correlation in adaptation, commitment, and uncertainty in treatment implementation (r=0.78). In women, HbA1c (β=10.08, p=0.001) and distress tolerance (β=2.34, p=0.001), and in men, self‑compassion (β=0.33, p=0.048) and distress tolerance (β=1.75, p<0.001) were the strongest predictors of treatment adherence. Conclusion: Distress tolerance, self‑compassion, and HbA1C were among the most important factors associated with treatment adherence, showing different patterns in men and women. Considering these differences may improve the design of interventions and healthcare policies for older adults with type 2 diabetes.
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| Keywords: Treatment adherence, Self-compassion, Distress tolerance, Older adults, Type 2 diabetes |
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Full-Text [PDF 985 kb]
(13 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Endocrinology
Received: 2025/12/3 | Accepted: 2026/07/26 | Published: 2026/04/30
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