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Relationship between Dietary Glycemic Index and Load with the Gut Bifidobacterium Population in Gestational Diabetes: a Case Control Study
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B Farahani    , S.N Mousavi , Z Abbaspourrad , S Heidarzadeh |
| Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran , , neda.mousavi@zums.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (175 Views) |
Introduction: Bifidobacterium are beneficial gut microbiota that play a role in regulating glucose metabolism. Limited studies have evaluated the Bifidobacterium population in the gut of pregnant women with gestational diabetes (GDM) compared to healthy women. Additionally, the relationship between the dietary glycemic index (GI) and load (GL) and the amount of this bacterium in the gut of these individuals is unclear. Materials and Methods: Twenty pregnant women with GDM identified at 24-28 weeks of gestation based on the oral glucose tolerance test and 40 healthy pregnant women, at the same weeks, with normal glucose were selected. Stool samples were collected to assess the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium. Bacterial DNA was extracted, and the relative abundance of the bacteria was measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Dietary information was collected using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Results: The relative abundance of Bifidobacterium in the gut of healthy pregnant women was significantly higher than that of those with GDM (p=0.007). Women with GDM consumed a diet with a higher GI and GL compared to the healthy (p<0.001). A significant correlation was observed between the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and dietary GI and GL (p=0.011 and p=0.006). A significant correlation was observed between fasting blood sugar levels (p=0.022), one-hour blood sugar levels (p=0.023), and the relative abundance of fecal Bifidobacterium (p=0.023). Conclusion: There is a significant negative correlation between the gut Bifidobacterium population and dietary GI and GL during pregnancy. However, the case-control design of the present study makes it challenging to establish a causal relationship. |
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| Keywords: Glycemic index, Glycemic load, Diet, Gestational diabetes, Bifidobacterium, Gut microbiotap |
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Full-Text [PDF 856 kb]
(102 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Nutrition
Received: 2025/05/1 | Accepted: 2025/07/13 | Published: 2025/03/30
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