Medullary Thyroid Cancer Screening Using the RET Proto Oncogene Genetic Marker
|
Mehdi Hedayati , Marjan Zarif Yeganeh , Sara Sheikholeslami , Maryam Daneshpour , Fereidoun Azizi  |
, hedayati@endocrine.ac.ir |
|
Abstract: (15988 Views) |
Introduction: Thyroid carcinoma including
into four types papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic is the most
common endocrine malignancy. Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is one of the
most aggressive forms of thyroid cancer and it accounts for up to 10% of all
types of this disease. The mode of inheritance of MTC is autosomal dominant and
is closely related to mutations of gain of function (missense mutations) in the
RET proto-oncogene, well known in MTC development. MTC occurs as hereditary
(25%) and sporadic (75%) forms. Hereditary MTC also has two syndromic (multiple
endocrine neoplasia type 2A, B MEN2A, MEN2B) and non-syndromic (Familial MTC,
FMTC) types. Increasing advances in molecular biology, genomics, and proteomics
have led to personalized therapeutic interventions. Over the last two decades,
the genetic basis of tumorgenesis has provided useful screening tools for
affected families. Advances
in genetic screening of the RET have enabled early detection of hereditary MTCs
and prophylactic thyroidectomy for relatives who may not show any symptom of
the disease. In this review we emphasize the main RET mutations in the syndromic
and non syndromic forms of MTC, and have tried focus on the importance of RET
genetic screening for early diagnosis and management of MTC patients. |
|
Keywords: Genetic screening, Medullary Thyroid Cancer, FMTC, MEN2A, MEN2B, RET proto-oncogene |
|
Full-Text [PDF 2262 kb]
(3078 Downloads)
|
Type of Study: Review |
Subject:
Genetic Received: 2015/01/20 | Accepted: 2015/04/21 | Published: 2015/07/27
|
|
|
|
|
Add your comments about this article |
|
|