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The Association between 24-hour Urinary Sodium Excretion and Microalbuminuria in Adults: A Cross-sectional Study
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N Rasaei    , M Seyyed rajabi , M Behmanesh , R Norouzirad , Z Bahadoran * , F Azizi |
| Micronutrient Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, , zahrabahadoran@yahoo.com |
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Abstract: (13 Views) |
Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the association between 24-hour urinary sodium (24-h UNa) excretion and microalbuminuria in adults in Tehran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1782 adults (aged≥19 years) participating in the sixth phase of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. The 24-h UNa excretion was calculated using the Tanaka equation based on Na, potassium, and creatinine concentrations in random spot urine samples. Microalbuminuria was defined based on the urine albumin-to-creatinineratio. The association between 24-h UNa excretion and microalbuminuria was examined using logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounding factors. Results: Participants' mean agewas 43.04±13.75 years, and 46% were male. The 24-h UNa excretion was 152±44.2 mmol/day, equivalent to 8.89±2.59 g of salt intake per day. In women, the higher tertile of 24-h UNa excretion (≥152 mmol/day, equivalent to 9.73 g of salt), compared to the lower tertile, was associated with a more than 2.5-fold increased risk of microalbuminuria (odds ratio (OR)=2.52, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.38-4.59). Moreover, each 1 g/day increase in salt intake above the recommended limit (6 g/day) was associated with a 26% increased risk of microalbuminuria in women (OR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.14-1.39). Conclusion: High 24-h UNa excretion is associated with an increased risk of microalbuminuria in adult women in Tehran. Given that microalbuminuria is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease and renal failure, this finding has high clinical significance for screening and early intervention in high-risk populations. |
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| Keywords: 24-hour urinary sodium excretion, Salt intake, Microalbuminuria |
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Full-Text [PDF 1245 kb]
(13 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Nutrition
Received: 2026/05/20 | Accepted: 2026/09/16 | Published: 2026/04/30
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