Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death in persons with type 1 diabetes. Although physical activity has been associated with a reduction in cardiovascular mortality in type 1 diabetes patients, there is limited information available regarding physical activity, resistance in particular, resistance training on the lipid profiles and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) in these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 4 weeks resistance training on serum lipid profiles and apoA-I levels in type 1 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two male Wister rats (290 ± 20 g) were randomly divided into four groups: Healthy control (C), diabetic controls (DC), diabetic, trained with 50% body mass (DT1), and diabetic, trained with 100% body mass (DT2). Resistance training consisted of climbing a ladder carrying a load suspended from the tail. After 4 weeks of resistance training, serum lipid profiles, glucose and apoA-I concentr­ations were measured. Results: At the end of study, we found no significant differences in serum lipid profiles and glucose concentrations between the diabetic groups. In the DT2 group, serum apoA-I levels significantly increased, compared with the C and DC groups (P<0.001 and P= 0.023, respectively). Conclusion: Serum apoA-I concentrations, in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats, are increased by resistance training, the alterations being affected by its intensity, without any significant changes in their lipid profiles.