Introduction: The Reverse Cholesterol Transport (RCT) process consists of removing excess cholesterol and phospholipids from peripheral cells to liver to exert as bile. This process consists of removing excess cholesterol by ABCA1 transporter to the Apolipoprotein A-I to form PreBeta HDL, which is then converted to spherical HDL by the action of LCAT enzyme. Previously we have shown that six weeks of endurance training has positive effects on expression of ABCA1. In the present study, we investigate the effect of short term endurance training on ABCA1 expression and other factors in RCT such as Apolipoprotein A-I, Prebeta HDL, LCAT activity and HDL-C concentration. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight male wistar rats were subjected to endurance training treadmill running for 3 weeks, 5 days a week, 90 min with 26 m/min during each training session. Results: Expression of hepatic ABCA1 was clearly evident following the 3 weeks of endurance training. The concentration of Apo A-I did not change because of endurance training but the results showed significant increases in PreBeta HDL (P=0/01), LCAT activity (P=0/04) and HDL-C concentration (P=0/004). Conclusions: The results of this study clearly show that 3 weeks of endurance training with moderate intensity can improve the RCT process and has a positive effect in prevention of arteriosclerosis.