Introduction: There are many descriptive studies on osteoporosis in Iran, mostly assessing the prevalence of the disease and its associations with various risk factors. In order to gain a better insight into the epidemiology of osteoporosis in Iran and its heterogeneity around the country, we systematically reviewed all the studies available and analyzed their findings using meta-analysis methods. Materials and Methods: All published papers in Iranian and international journals, final reports of research projects, papers presented in relevant congresses, and all dissertations of medical students were reviewed using standard methods and sensitive keywords. After Quality Assessment the main results of studies published during 2000-2008, which met the eligibility criteria, were extracted and Combined with the Random Effect Model, and were entered into meta-analysis. Results: In 21 primary, eligible studies, minimum and maximim prevalence rates in the femur region were 1.5 and 43 respectively and in the Spinal Region these values were 3.2 and 51.3, respectively. The prevalence of osteoporosis in the femur using the Random Effect Model in Iranian Women was 18.9 CI (15- 22.7) and in the Spinal reqion was 18.91 CI (14.6- 23.2) in metaregrresion analysis, with place and sample size as the main heterogenous factors.(p<0.01) Conclusion: Osteoporosis, an important health challenge, increases with age and changes in life style. The prevalence of osteoporosis in Iran, compared to other countries, was lower.